Electromagnet



July 29 1924.

E. R. CARICHOFF ELECTROMAGNET Filed Feb. 27.

Invent-,0 r- I Eugen R. Car-iohoff by 7 4 4 M1 His Attor-ney.

Patented July 29, 1 924.

PATENT our 1,502 can ICE.

seem a. cnsrcnorr, or scnnnscmnr, may your, issmnonro swam anaemic comm,a coaronarron or new 'romt Emcmoarnom. Application m iebruary :7, 1m.ler ial at. 1,004.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE B. Common, a citizen of the UnitedSchenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnets, of whichthe following is a specification.

: My invention relates to improvements in o ratin electronic ate forelectric switc as am? the'like. ne of the objects of my invention is toprovide an improved electromagnet, which shall be simple, rugged acandeffective, and which can tured cheaply. 1

Gther objects of my invejr :ion will be. apparent'from an understandingof the inven tion.

For an understanding of my invention, reference is bad to the acoomanying drawing wherein Fig. 1 is'a si ciectroma etic switch embod ing myimproved e ectromagnet with t e switch in the closed position; Fig. 2 isa' plan viewof the same; Fig. his a view, similar to be mean 1 with theswitch in open position;

F 1g. 4 isa perspective view of the electroma net armature; and Fig. 5is a top view of ig. 2 drawn 'to'a smaller scale of the electromagneticoperating means for the switch-with certain parts removed for the saltsof cleamess.

Referring to the drawings, the switch mechanism is mounted on a suitablebase 10 of insulating material. The operating winding 11 of theelectromagnet is supported within a substantially'U-shaped frame 12 ofmagnetic material by means of a bolt 11 which secures the core of theelectromagnet to the end of the frame in a midposition. The frame isstamped out of a strip of fiat metal and then bent into the shape of a Uwith the ends of the U bent inward to provide means for securing theframe to the support. If desired, of course, the frame may be bent metalof standard section and the ends of the U secured directly to thesupport witlr out being bent inward as shown. The ends ofthe U-shapedframe 12 are secured to the base 10 by means of bolts 12*, only one ofwhich can be. seen.

The armature i3 is made of a stamping of a fist strip of metal havingmagnetic properties. After the armature is stamped States, residing atthrough the hole 20 in 0 view -of an .frame with the up from a strip. of

.wear on the 'upper periphery on the pm. The armature out of theflatstrip of metal, the arms14 and 15 are bent to the position shown so asto form: a U-sha armature. The projection 16 is also looked up'to the'osition shown so as to form a support for t e movable switch contactmember 17. Before the armature is bent into the shape shown, holes 18and l9 are punched out to provide means for ivotall supporting thearmature, and the ole 20 1s punched out to rovide means whereby theswitch contact fii iger -17 is secured to the armature. The contactfinger 17-is given a wipin action with the stationmy contact 21. wii

means comprising the pin 22 which passes the armature and acorresponding hole in the contact finger, and a spring 23 whichbiasesthe contact toward the lpromotion 16.' The armature 13 is pivota y suportedwithin the frame 12, em.- brabmg t e winding 11, by meansof a pin24 who passes through the holes 18- and 19 in the projections on thelegs of the armsture and correspondin holes near the upper edges of theends of 51s legs of the frame. The armature telescopes or nests withinthe legs 14 and 15 of the armature disposed opposite] to the legs of theframe in planes paralle to the planes of the: legs of the frame withsuitable clearances provided between the frame and the armature. Theclearances provided are maintained by means of spacers or washers (notshown). The armature is mounted withinthe'frame' so as to be biased bygravity to the position shown in Fig. 3, at which the legs 14 and 15 areout of ali cut with the axisof the magnet 11 an the parallel sides-offrame 12, since thepivoted support is at the back of the armature andthe switch cantherefore be tilted to a ver great angle beforethe switchcontacts wi 1 close by gravity. This feature is of great im ortance inswitches for use on switch-boar for example; The armature moves awayfrom the supporting base to make engagement with the core of theoperating electroma et instead of the usual construction in w ich thearmature when attracted moves toward the supporting base. It will alsobe observed that the. pivoted su port is at such a place. thatsubstantial y none, of the' magnetic flux v passes through thesupportand that the pivot pin 24 all comes on the en the switch closesby has no vertical movement with respect to its pivotal su port when theswitch is closed or opened. Vhen thearmature is in its biased ositionthe legs Hand are out of the pat 1 of least reluctance for the magneticflux set up by the winding. The part 25 connecting the two legs of the,Uis adapted to come into substantial engagement with the one pole piece26 of the 'electromagnet when the magnet winding is energized and thearmature is in the attractedposition, as shown in Fig. 1 When thearmature-is in its attracted position, a path of least reluc-. tance'forthe flux set up by the winding is found through the U-shaped armature,the filter part of the legs of-the U-sha pfd e, and the 1 end of theframe. e broad cooperating surfaces between the armature andthe frameon-both sides of the electromagnet afford paths of low reluctance forthe assage of the magnetic lines across the gap tween the armature andthe frame; In order to remove the winding 11 it is necessary tomerelyunscrew the bolt 11 which secures the winding andthe core there for tothe magnet frame 12. The windin and its core can then be droppedout osition and .a new winding can be readily substituted if desired.

. Means are provided for interrupting the .are formed between the switchcontacts 17 and 21. This means comprises a magnetic blowout winding 27,having 'one terminal connected to the stationary contact 21'and. theother terminal connected to the terminal post 28. The other terminalpost 29 of the switchis connected to the wiping contact 17 b means of aflexible conductor 30. Meta '0 plates 31 and 32 which serve as polepieces for the windin are clamped to the ends of the windin y means of abolt-27', and a block of insiilatm refractorv material '33, having achute it through which the are stream passes, is removably held betweenthe pole piecesby the clamping'acti'oriof the-bolt. The bolt is screwedinto the one end of the core for the winding 27, so as to clamp the polepiece 32 to the core and the po e piece. 31 is riveted so to. the otherend of the core. A pin and 1 slot connection between the plates and thearc chute is provided so asto positively hold the chute in proper ition.Thus an elongated in or projection 85 is formed on'the and o the arcchute and this projeetion cooperates with a .slot of similar shape inthe pole pie'ce. A'similar pin and slot connection is provided on theother end of the arcchute. ,When it is desired to remove the arc cliuteto replace the chute or to. inspect the contacts, the bolt 27 is backedoff slightly andthe chute is then freely removable. In a divisionalapplicattion, Ser. No. 481,422, filled June 29, 1921, I have'claimed,specifically this improved magnetic blowout. A kicked up portion 36 onthe armature 13 is provided as a stop for the armature, and-the positionof the armature with respect to the winding and the frame 12 may beadjusted by means of T0 the bolt 37 I .What I claim as new and desiretosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is z- "j.-

1. An electromagnet comprising a magnet' '-z winding, and a ma neticstructure therefor v' including two similarly shaped telescoping.-members, one of which is movable into a out of a osition of alignmentwith reference to the ot er under the control of the mag net winding. 21 2. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magneticstructure therefor including two substantially U-shaped telescopimembers enclosing the winding, one of which is movable withreference to,the other under the control of the magnet .windmg.

3. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magneticstructure therefor including two nesting members movable into' and outof alignment with each other under the control of .the magnet winding. 4

4. Anelectromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magnetic structuretherefor including two relatively movable cooperating members one ofwhich is ivotally mounted within and nests with t e other member. Y f

5.' An electromagnet comprising-a magnet winding, and a magneticstructure therefor including two substantially U-shaped co operatingmembers, one of which nests with the other. 1

6. An electromagnet comprising a magnet winding, and a magneticstructure therefor including two substantially- U-shaped relativelymovable cooperating members, one of which is pivotally supported in .thelegs of the other U-shaped member and nests with said other member. 117.'An electromagnet com rising a sub stantially U-shaped frame oimagnetic material, a substantially U-sha ed armature of magneticmaterial pivota ly supported within the frame with the legs of thearmature nesting with the legs of the frame, and an operating magnetwinding positioned within said frame. w

8. The combination in an electromagnet, of a substantially U-shapedframe of mag,- netic materialto which one endof the of the electromagnetissecuredbetween legs of theframe and a substantially 13 shapedarmature, the said armature pivotal ly'mounted within the said framewith the legs of the' frame andthe legs of the armature nesting andoppositely disposed to each other.

9'. The combination in an electromagnet, of'a substantially U-shapedmetallic frame ,1,oos,ooo 3 to which one end of the core of the'electromagnet is secured between the. le of {the frame, and an armaturehaving a motel support-in each 1 ,'of the frame an movable toward. the-oher end of thecore of I the electromagnet.

10. The combination in an electromagnet' of a magnet fpame to whichone'end of the I .cor'e ofthe electromagnet-is secured, a support: fordead-frame to'which the frame is secured with the axis of theelectromag-' to which one en of the core of the electro magnet issecured between the'legs of the frame, a su port for theelectroma et towhich the ame is secured with t eaxis of the electromagnet atright-angles to. the support, and an armature pivotally mounted inthe;frame and movable in the span? be tween the said support and theother and.

of the core of the electromagnet.

12. Thecombination in an electromagnet of a magnet frame-to which oneend of the core of the electromagnet is secured, a support for the saidframe to which the frame is secured with the axis of the electromagnetdisposed at an angle to the support, and

ment with the axis of-the magnet, whereby a pivotally mounted armaturein the space between the support and the other end'of the core of theelectromagnet, the ivotal sup rt for the armature being disposed witrespect to the frame so that the armature is biased away from the saidother end posed along the axis of the magnet core and out of alignmenttherewith so as to be movable in response to the energization of themagnettoward a' position at which its legs are in substantial alignmentwith the axis of the core with the part of the said armature connectingthe leg: in close proximity to one ole of the electromagnet; .16.' -Thecombination in an electroma'gnct of a support of magnetiematerial forthe eleotromagnet having legs embracing the 'electromagnet, and apivoted vsubstantially U-shaped armature, adapted to embrace theelectromagneiythe le posed lanes para el to the lanes of the egs o outofsubstantial alignment with'the legs of the support.

.17. The coinbinatio'n in an, electromagnet of a pivoted U-sha Iarmature of magneticvmaterial with ugs on the legs of the e support andmom is into and,

of the armature dis U twyrovide supporting means therefor,.a

circuit making contact carried 'by said armature, the said armaturemounted so as to embrace-the of the electromagnet, biased to a positionat which said oontact is in one position and movable about its pivotalsupport upon the energization of the winding into a position at whichthe flux set up byjthe winding has a path of least reluctance throughthe legs of the armat Y e contact is moved to another position; r I '18.The combination in an electromagnet of a frame of magnetic materialhaving flat parallel portions, a winding for the electromagnet supportedwithin the'frame' with the axis of the winding disposed midway beof theelectromagnet by gravity and the arfitween the flat parallel portions ofthe frame,

mature is movable about its pivot away of the electromagnet.

13. The combination in'an ele'ctrornagnet, of a pivoted substantiallyU-shaped arma ture adapted to embrace the electromagnet with the legs ofthe armature disposed along the axis of the magnet and biased to aposition at which the legs are out of alignupon the energization oftheelectromagnet the armature is operated toward a position at which itslegs are in substantial alignment with the axis of the electromagnet.

14. The combination in an electromagnet of a magnet winding and apivoted su bstan 'tially U-shape armature adaptedto emhracethe winding,the legs of the armature disposed along the axis of. the magnet so as tobe movable into and out of a position at which the reluctance of themagnetic flux set'up by the winding is the least.

15. The combination in an electromagnet, of-a pivoted -substantiallyU-shaped armature adapted to embrace the winding of the electromagnet,the legs of the immature disa pivoted substantially U -shape'd armaturefrom the support toward the said other end supported within the frameand a switch contact carried thereby, the said armature having flat legsdisposed parallel with the flat portions of the jrame and biased to aposition at which the legs of the armature are out ,of aiignment withthe flat portions of tigframe, whereby upon the encrgization of saidwinding the armature is moved toward a position atwhich the legs of thearmature and the flat portions of the supporting frame are insubstantial alignment.

19. The combination in an electromagnet of a frame made up of a flatstrip of magnetic material bent into U-shape, means for securing one endof the electromagnet to.

the frame so that the axis of the electromagnet is disposed midwaybetween the legs ofzthe U-shaped frame, an armature made upof a fiatstrip of magnetic material bent into U-shape with lugs-on the back ofthe U to provide supporting means therefor, and means .forpivotallysupporting the armature within the frame with the legs of thearmature and the frame nesting'and oppositely disposed to each other,the location .of the pivotal SIIiPEOIt being snch that the armatureisbiase y gravity to a position at which the legs of the armatu're areout of substantial alignment with the legs magnet, whereby uponenergizetion of the winding of the electroma et the armature v 1 movedtoward a position -at which the A p t 'of the armature connecting thelegs of ofthe frame and the axis of the electro-' A EUGENE R. GARICHOEF;i

